What is Antenna bandwidth?
Antenna bandwidth is the width of frequency over which the antenna maintains certain required characteristics like gain, front-to-back ratio or SWR pattern, polarization, and impedance. Antenna bandwidth depends on its two characteristics i.e., impedance and pattern. Antennas which depend on bandwidth are as follows -
Very Low-Frequency Antennas - These antennas operate at a very low-frequency range (3-30 kHz). These antennas are used in telegraphy.
Low-Frequency Antennas - These antennas operate at a low-frequency range (30-300 kHz). Examples of these antennas are - inductance vertical antennas, tower antennas, and a short vertical monopole with top capacitance.
Medium Frequency Antennas - These antennas operate at a medium frequency range (300 kHz-3 MHz). These antennas are used in AM broadcasts, navigation, etc.
High-Frequency Antennas - These antennas operate at a high-frequency range (3-30 MHz). V antennas, inverted V antennas, rhombic antennas, loop antennas, and whip antennas are examples of high-frequency antennas.
Very and Ultra High Antennas - These antennas operate at 30-300 MHz, 300 MHz-3 GHz. Examples of these antennas are Yagi-Uda antennas, log-periodic antennas, loop antennas, helical antennas, ferrite rod antennas, turnstile antennas, super turnstile antennas, discone antennas, and notch antennas.
Importance of Antenna VSWR - By measuring the field uniformity in the test zone measurement range quality can be evaluated. The result may be used either as a starting point for improving the range or making estimates. The voltage standing wave ratio method is a simple method to measure the reflectivity of the range. However, the measured reflectivity depends on several parameters like frequency, polarization, antenna patterns, and the aspect angle of the probe antenna.
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