IoT (Internet Of Things)
A phenomenon that activates communication between internetworking devices and applications, known as the Internet of Things (IoT), in which physical objects or things communicate with each other through the Internet. The concept of IoT started with objects classified as identity communication devices like radio frequency identification devices (RFID). These devices are used to tag the objects, for their identification in the future. Things are tracked, controlled, and monitored by a remote computer which is connected through the Internet. The IoT allows the devices for GPS-dependent tracking, controlling, and monitoring. It allows for machine-to-machine communication, etc.
It is a reality that the IoT has helped for creating smart cities. By using the IoT, we will make self-driving cars functional very soon.
IoT can be defined as the network of physical objects transmitting, receiving, or communicating information with the help of the Internet hence enabling the controlling, monitoring, and coordinating processes across the Internet network.
History Of IoT (Internet Of Things)
The IoT domain leads the world of technology and communication to a new era where objects can communicate, compute, and transform information per the requirements. This scenario of communication has already been started but did not get recognition. The term Internet of Things was coined by Kevin Auston, the Executive Director of Auto-ID Labs at MIT in 1999.
The concept of IoT first became very popular through the Auto-ID center in 2003 and in related market analytics and its publications. When the concept of such communication came into existence, different companies focused on it and tried to recognize its significance and began to identify its role and the correlated future aspects, then these companies started investing in the domain of IoT in different periods but at regular intervals.
Characteristics of IoT
(i) Dynamic and Self Adapting - The IoT devices and the systems can adapt dynamically, to the change in contexts and take actions based on their operating conditions, user's context, or sensed environment For example, a surveillance system comprising several surveillance cameras. These cameras can adapt their modes based on whether it is day or night. They can switch their modes from lower resolution to higher resolution. on the detection of any motion and alert nearby the cameras to do the same.
(ii) Self-configuring - A large number of IoT devices can work together to give certain functionality such as weather monitoring because they have self-configuring capability. These devices can configure themselves, set up the networking, and fetch the latest software upgrades with minimal manual or user intervention.
(iii) Interoperable Communication Protocols Several interoperable communication protocols are supported by IoT devices. They can communicate with the other devices and also with the infrastructure.
(iv) Unique Identity - Each loT device has a unique identity and s unique identifier such as an IP address. The loT systems may have intelligent interfaces that adapt based on the context, and allow communication with users and the environmental contexts. The interface of the loT device helps users to query the devices, monitor their status, and control them remotely, in association with the control, configuration, and management infrastructure.
(v) Integrated into Information Network - The lot devices are integrated into the information network, which permits them to communicate
and exchange data with other devices and systems. These devices are used to be discovered in the network, by the other devices and or the network having the capability to describe themselves to other devices or user applications. For example, a weather monitoring node can describe its monitoring capabilities to other nodes that are connected to communicate and exchange data.
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